Once the problem is formulated, the researcher should undertake extensive literature survey connected with the problem and perform critical review of previous studies. Reviewing the literature expands upon the reasons for selecting a particular research question and allows the researcher to get himself acquainted with the selected problem. Not only facilitating the problem statement of our research, but also for gaining methodological knowledge and expertise, reviewing the literature is an important step in research process.
Literature can include a range of sources:
- journal articles
- monographs
- computerized databases
- conference proceedings, seminar papers
- dissertations
- empirical studies
- government reports and reports from other bodies’
- historical records
- statistical handbooks
Importance of reviewing the literature in research process are as follows:
- Reviewing previous studies helps the researcher know of what is happening in the field
- It supports in gaining a level of topical and methodological knowledge and expertise
- It helps in finding potential gaps in the literature/previous studies that may point to potential research questions
- Critically evaluating common/typical methods
- Facilitating the development of your own methodological approaches
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